信息性/阐述性演讲就是需要给听众传达知识,做到“concise and informative”(简明扼要,并且给人们阐明他们所需要知道的内容和知识)。今天我们就来讨论一下这么一种演讲要怎样来准备,又有哪些适用的英语短语呢?

Photo: LindaH, CC
按照以下几种整理性结构来准备、安排你的演讲内容:
-Time
时间
1。应注意“explains when things should happen”(说明可以在什么时间期待什么样的结果):
I am going to tell you how to bring in better sales in three weeks.
我将会告诉你们怎么在三星期内拿下更好的销售业绩。
2。对于“visual people”(那些容易在形象基础上面接受某信息/内容的听众)适用。比如,这些人需要在短期内达到某个阶段/结果的,那么这么来编排咱们的演讲可以更好地吸引听众。
3。应用跟时间相关的“transition words”(用来连接不同内容的转折词汇)来帮我们更好地 “list order”(列出先后顺序),描绘出一个整体过程出来:
Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly...
Initially, Then, Next, Finally...
In the beginning, In the middle, In the end...
-Place
阶段
1。可以注意“explains where things should happen”(说明在那个阶段应该可以期待有哪些变化/结果):
I am going to tell you how to get better leads in the first week, convert these leads to sales in the second week, and retain these customers for future sales in the third week.
我将告诉你们怎么在第一个星期更好地找出潜在客户;在第二个星期把这些潜能客户转化成消费者;在第三个星期再如何来留住这些客户,作为将来的销售做储备。
2。对“people who understand the group or area you are talking about”(那些对你所阐述内容/情况内行的听众)较适用。比如,同样是销售部门,那么我们可以免去一些大体情况概括介绍,可以单刀直入,直接切入到重点细节。
3。应用一些用于说明‘阶段性’的词汇来帮我们更好地“explain order”(解释先后顺序作用):
In the first stage/section...second stage/section...
To start off...next...
-Cause and Effect
前因后果
1。可以注意“explains how things should happen”(说明事情顺序的前因与后果联系):
Sales weren't what we had expected this quarter mainly because...and we're going to change that.
咱们这个季度的销售成绩不理想主要是因为。。。我们接着将会改变这个窘况。
2。对于“people who understand the relationship between events”(那些对事情因果顺序有个基本了解的听众)最为适用。比如,那些知道我们前面为何会在销售上面一直做得不佳的同事,他们就可能更为明白我们需要与他们说明的有关哪些地方需要做调节才能期待取得更好效果。
3。多应用一些说明‘前因后果’的词汇:
For this...we end up with...
To avoid this result...we need to make these changes...
Because of...we were left with...
-Logical Order
逻辑顺序
1。可以注意“list items in their order of importance”(把各个项目按照重要性做个前后排列)。
2。对于“people who are accustomed to breaking down complex data into components in order to digest the material”(那些习惯将复杂数据/情况按逻辑分成各个部分来加以了解的听众)最适用。比如,咱们在会议上被要求单纯就自己的工作进程做汇报时就适用这个演讲结构。
你们是否也有其他建议呢?